Sources

Items

Account of Smugglers' Methods in Isle of Man, March 1765
Account of Smugglers' Methods in Isle of Man, March 1765
A detailed contemporary account of smuggling operations from the Isle of Man to Ireland, Scotland, Wales, and England, submitted by Joseph Burrow (Customs House, Whitehaven) to Treasury officials. The document describes the methods used to import prohibited goods (especially tea, spirits, and silk), the ships and crews involved, and smuggling routes and techniques. It includes specific merchant names, cargo details, and operational procedures, providing crucial evidence of the scale and sophistication of the illicit trade that prompted the 1765 Revestment.
Account of Smugglers & their Methods in Isle of Man, March 1765
Account of Smugglers & their Methods in Isle of Man, March 1765
A detailed first-hand account from a Whitehaven customs officer (Joseph Burrow) reporting on smuggling operations in the Isle of Man. The informant, identified as John Dexter, provides comprehensive intelligence on smuggling routes, merchant networks, vessel operations, cargo handling methods, and distribution channels to Ireland, Scotland, Wales and England. This document reveals the scale and sophistication of the smuggling trade circa early 1765, just months before the Revestment Act.
Orders for embarkation of troops to Isle of Man from Dublin Castle
Orders for embarkation of troops to Isle of Man from Dublin Castle
Official correspondence from Dublin Castle to a senior official (addressed 'My Lord') reporting the implementation of orders to send two troops of Hale's Dragoons and a regiment of foot under Major General Montagu to the Isle of Man. The letter details embarkation arrangements from Dublin, routes for the march from Waterford, and timeline for completion by 24 June 1765. Directly relevant to the military occupation and securing of the island following the 1765 Revestment.
Orders for embarkation of troops to Isle of Man from Dublin Castle
Orders for embarkation of troops to Isle of Man from Dublin Castle
Official correspondence from Dublin Castle dated 13 June 1765 detailing orders to embark two troops of Hales Dragoons and a Regiment of Foot under Major General Montagu to the Isle of Man. This document evidences the military deployment ordered by the Crown in response to the Revestment, likely to secure control following the purchase of sovereignty from the Duke of Atholl. It confirms embarkation from Dublin via Douglas.
Instructions to Charles Lutwidge for enforcing customs on Isle of Man (May 1765)
Instructions to Charles Lutwidge for enforcing customs on Isle of Man (May 1765)
Formal instructions from the Commissioners of Customs to Charles Lutwidge, Surveyor General, detailing his appointment to the Isle of Man effective 1 June 1765 to enforce customs law and suppress smuggling. Covers revenue protection, coast surveillance, officer deployment, population assessment, and coordination with military and civil authorities. A key administrative document implementing the 1765 Revestment Act.
Instructions to Charles Lutwidge, Surveyor General, for customs enforcement in Isle of Man (1765)
Instructions to Charles Lutwidge, Surveyor General, for customs enforcement in Isle of Man (1765)
Official instructions from the Commissioners of Customs to Charles Lutwidge, directing him to travel to the Isle of Man by 1 June 1765 to establish customs enforcement and suppress smuggling following the 1765 Revestment. The document outlines his authority, duties (revenue assessment, port inspection, officer deployment), expectations regarding population decline, and military support arrangements.
Murray to Halifax on Isle of Man smuggling and Crown purchase necessity (1764)
Murray to Halifax on Isle of Man smuggling and Crown purchase necessity (1764)
Letter from James Murray, British Ambassador to Venice, to Earl of Halifax analysing the failure of the Order in Council to prevent smuggling at the Isle of Man. Murray argues that the Lord's extensive original grant powers make suppression impossible and recommends Crown purchase of the island as the only effective remedy. Includes revenue estimates and observations on the island's population and foreign smugglers.
Murray's Letter to Halifax on Smuggling at Isle of Man and Crown Purchase
Murray's Letter to Halifax on Smuggling at Isle of Man and Crown Purchase
Ambassador James Murray reports from Venice to the Earl of Halifax on the ineffectiveness of the Order in Council against smuggling at the Isle of Man. Murray argues that purchase of the island by the Crown is the only viable solution, given the extensive powers of the Lord Proprietor and the geography making enforcement impossible. He notes the island's revenue potential (£4,000–5,000 p.a.) and the political stability of its largely Anglican population.
Observations on the Trade to the Isle of Man: Smuggling and Revenue Analysis
Observations on the Trade to the Isle of Man: Smuggling and Revenue Analysis
An undated but c.1764 analysis of smuggling trade through the Isle of Man, detailing imports (tea, silks, tobacco, wine, brandy), vessels employed, routes to Scotland, Ireland, Wales, and estimated annual revenue loss to the British Crown (£200,000). Provides specific duty rates and cargo weights from seized vessels. A key document for understanding the scale and organization of the running trade that prompted the Revestment.
Observations on the Trade to the Isle of Man — smuggling routes and revenue loss
Observations on the Trade to the Isle of Man — smuggling routes and revenue loss
An undated administrative report (c.1764) analysing the illicit trade through the Isle of Man, detailing smuggling routes to Ireland, Wales, Scotland and the Solway Firth, the vessels employed, and estimated annual revenue losses to the British Crown (£200,000). The document provides quantitative data on goods flows, duties collected by the Duke of Atholl, and specific seizure records.
Mr Lutwidge's Second Report on Smuggling Trade from the Isle of Man
Mr Lutwidge's Second Report on Smuggling Trade from the Isle of Man
Charles Lutwidge reports to Treasury officials on suppression of East India goods smuggling and brandy/rum imports to the Isle of Man. He describes impacts of naval patrols by sloops of war and cutters, notes counter-orders preventing merchant vessels from delivering contraband, and recommends adding rum to enumerated commodities. This is a key intelligence document on the effectiveness of revenue enforcement measures in 1764.
Mr Lutwidge's Second Report on Smuggling Trade from the Isle of Man
Mr Lutwidge's Second Report on Smuggling Trade from the Isle of Man
Charles Lutwidge reports to Treasury officials on the suppression of East India goods smuggling from the Isle of Man, noting the effectiveness of naval patrols and merchant fear. He details recent vessel movements and recommends making rum an enumerated commodity to combat brandy and rum smuggling from colonial plantations.
Report on Brewing, Smuggling, and Trade in the Isle of Man, November 1764
Report on Brewing, Smuggling, and Trade in the Isle of Man, November 1764
A detailed administrative report from the Excise Office Edinburgh to an unnamed recipient describing the state of brewing, smuggling, and illicit trade in the Isle of Man as of late 1764. The report covers breweries in Douglas, malting operations, export of spirits and tobacco, and the scale of smuggling operations. It provides quantitative data on cask capacity, duty rates, commodity prices, and evidence of organized contraband traffic to England, Ireland, and Scotland.
Report on Brewing, Smuggling, and Trade in Isle of Man
Report on Brewing, Smuggling, and Trade in Isle of Man
A detailed report from the Excise Office Edinburgh to an unnamed superior (likely Treasury) describing the state of brewing, smuggling operations, and illicit trade in the Isle of Man as of November 1764. The report covers four brewhouses in Douglas, the extensive smuggling of spirits (brandy, rum, gin) and tea, tobacco manufacturing and smuggling, and the scale of re-export operations to Great Britain and Ireland. It provides crucial evidence of the island's role as a smuggling hub and the commercial interests at stake in the 1765 Revestment.
The Case of the Inhabitants of the Isle of Man (1765)
The Case of the Inhabitants of the Isle of Man (1765)
A formal petition/memorial presented by the Inhabitants of the Isle of Man to Parliament in February 1765, arguing against the loss of their ancient constitutional rights and trading privileges following the Crown's purchase of sovereignty from the Duke of Atholl. The document traces Manx constitutional history, details the progression of restrictive Parliamentary acts (1710-1765), and pleads for relief from the devastating 1765 Act that effectively closed the island's profitable smuggling-based trade.
Memorial of Charles Lutwidge on Isle of Man Revenue Fund (1768)
Memorial of Charles Lutwidge on Isle of Man Revenue Fund (1768)
A memorial from Charles Lutwidge to the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury seeking to address shortfalls in the Isle of Man revenue fund established by the 1765 Revestment Act. Lutwidge proposes allowing spirits exports and reducing tea duties to combat smuggling from Ireland and stimulate trade. The document reveals practical challenges in implementing the new revenue regime post-Revestment.
Memorial of Charles Lutwidge on Isle of Man Revenue difficulties and proposed solutions
Memorial of Charles Lutwidge on Isle of Man Revenue difficulties and proposed solutions
A memorial submitted to the Treasury Lords by Charles Lutwidge in 1768 addressing revenue shortfalls from the 1765 Act regulating Isle of Man trade. Lutwidge explains why the proposed duties on spirits, tea, coffee, and tobacco have failed to generate expected income, citing pre-purchase stockpiling and competition from lower Irish tea duties. He proposes export permissions for spirits and reduced tea duties to revive the revenue fund and prevent smuggling.
Governor Smith to Lord North requesting royal portrait and chapel furnishings for Isle of Man
Governor Smith to Lord North requesting royal portrait and chapel furnishings for Isle of Man
Letter from newly appointed Governor Edward Smith to Lord North (First Lord of the Treasury) requesting a portrait of King George III and furnishings for the chapel at Castle Rushen. Written just after the 1765 Revestment, this document illustrates post-Revestment administrative arrangements and the symbolic establishment of Crown authority on the island through religious and ceremonial institutions.
Governor Smith to Lord North requesting royal portrait and chapel furnishings
Governor Smith to Lord North requesting royal portrait and chapel furnishings
Letter from Edward Smith, newly appointed Governor of the Isle of Man, to Lord North (Prime Minister) requesting a royal portrait of George III and furnishings for the chapel at Castle Rushen. Written on arrival in England prior to taking up his post, the letter illustrates post-Revestment administrative arrangements and the symbolic importance of royal imagery in establishing British sovereignty over the Island.
Lt-Governor Dawson's report to Lord North on barracks repairs, Isle of Man
Lt-Governor Dawson's report to Lord North on barracks repairs, Isle of Man
Report from Lieutenant-Governor Dawson to Lord North (September 1783) concerning the deteriorating condition of military buildings at Castle Rushen, Isle of Man, including barracks, governor's house, ordnance storehouse, and guard house. Dawson requests funding for necessary repairs and replacement of barrack bedding and furniture before winter, following a refusal by the Board of Ordnance to authorize expenditure due to lack of Parliamentary appropriation.
Lt-Governor Dawson's Report to Lord North on Barracks Repair Needs, Isle of Man
Lt-Governor Dawson's Report to Lord North on Barracks Repair Needs, Isle of Man
Lieutenant-Governor Richard Dawson reports to Lord North on the poor state of repair of military buildings at Castle Rushen, Isle of Man, including barracks, governor's house, ordnance storehouse, and guard house. He requests Parliamentary funding for necessary repairs and replacement of defective barrack beds and bedding before winter. The report highlights post-war budget constraints affecting the island's military infrastructure.
P J Heywood to Wm Adam re Keys' Bill and Duke of Atholl's manorial rights, Sept 1783
P J Heywood to Wm Adam re Keys' Bill and Duke of Atholl's manorial rights, Sept 1783
Letter from P J Heywood (Lieutenant Governor's representative) to William Adam seeking intelligence on the status of a Tynwald Act concerning the Duke of Atholl's manorial rights. The bill, originated by the House of Keys in 1781 and submitted to the Secretary of State, has been stalled by the Duke's caveat and is now under review by the Attorney General. Heywood expresses concern that the bill would undermine ducal property rights and fears it could obstruct the Duke's intended operations.
P J Heywood to Wm Adam re status of Keys' Bill report — Sept 1783
P J Heywood to Wm Adam re status of Keys' Bill report — Sept 1783
Letter from Peter John Heywood (Isle of Man official) to William Adam reporting on the status of a Tynwald Act regulating the Duke of Atholl's manorial rights, initiated in 1781. Heywood expresses concern that the Keys' Bill will undermine ducal property rights and requests Adam's assistance in blocking or delaying its progress through Westminster until the Duke's arrival in London.
Lieutenant Governor Dawson reports Duke of Atholl's claim to Douglas Court Room, 1780
Lieutenant Governor Dawson reports Duke of Atholl's claim to Douglas Court Room, 1780
Letter from Lieutenant Governor R. Dawson to an unnamed superior (likely the Secretary of State or Lord Lieutenant) reporting an attempt by the Duke of Atholl's Seneschal to claim possession of the Court Room in Peel (Douglas). The letter details the legal basis for Crown possession following the 1765 Revestment Act, explains how the Douglas Court Room came to be held by Atholl's agent, and defends Dawson's refusal to surrender Crown property without proof of legal right.
Lt Governor Dawson's Report on Atholl's Seneschal's Claim to Douglas Court Room
Lt Governor Dawson's Report on Atholl's Seneschal's Claim to Douglas Court Room
Lieutenant Governor R. Dawson reports to his superior on a dispute over possession of the court room in Douglas. The Duke of Atholl's agent claims the room on behalf of the Duke, but Dawson argues it was surrendered to the Crown under the Vesting Act and should remain in royal possession until legal title is demonstrated. The letter details how the room fell into the Seneschal's hands through an informal arrangement with the Clerk of the Rolls.